zz from Mitbbs.com's photogear board

发信人: CallMeNow (行吗？), 信区: PhotoGear
标 题: PC压缩和处理5DII movie速成
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Aug 16 21:53:51 2009, 美东)

成品：
http://www.flickr.com/photos/weiweideng/3828718250/

器材：5DII+Tamron 28-75mm f/2.8，普通三脚架和普通球台
设置：手动对焦，手动movie模式，手动白平衡，1080P
模特：俺娃（一岁）和俺娃她娘（年龄保密）

压缩：免费软件 eRightSoft SUPER
http://www.erightsoft.com/SUPER.html
介面稍微繁琐，但功能强大，提供很多格式和分辨率选择。我选的是AVI输出，1280x720，2Mbps码率。此设置下生成的AVI文件大小是原MOV文件的1/20。


编辑：傻瓜软件Windows自带的Movie Maker
我要求不高，只需要基本的fade in，fade out和慢动作。先到Option里把比例改成16：9，然
后导入AVI文件若干，剪辑排列组合之。保存的时候选择NTSC，1Mbps码率。我用的是Windows XP自带的Movie Maker，最高输出分辨率是856x480，用来网络共享足够（实际上flickr上还要再
shrink一下）。Vista下的Movie Maker版本支持更高的分辨率。

上载：上到flickr，文件长度限制90秒。

感想：
1.手动对焦很难掌握，尤其是移动的物体。由此得出结论：拍video对镜头要求不高，锐度的差别在对焦和缩小画面的情况下已经微不足道。
2.有娃的同修，一定要搞个能拍video的单反，乐趣多多啊。


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zz from www.suite101.com

How to Teach Toddlers to Swim

Author: Rachel Lister
Published: Jul 30, 2009

Swimming is an important basic skill that kids need to learn for basic water safety and in order to help them live an active, healthy lifestyle.

Toddlers can be introduced to the basics of water safety and basic swimming techniques while they are young to prepare them for more advanced swimming lessons and keep them save near pools and other water. Swimming lessons can be taken through a local recreation center or through individual lessons at a private pool. Parents can teach toddlers many of the basic swimming skills that toddlers would learn in basic swimming lessons themselves if they have access to a pool.

Teaching Toddlers to Hold their Breath

One of the most basic skills toddlers need to master in order to learn to swim is the ability to hold their breath. The ability to hold their breath will help toddlers be safer in and around water and prepare them for basic swimming strokes that require short periods of time to be spent under water.

Parents can introduce toddlers to holding their breath by having them practice blowing bubbles outside of the pool with soap bubbles. Blowing bubbles helps introduce toddlers to the concept of blowing air out while underwater. Once toddlers have mastered blowing bubbles outside of the pool they can begin to practice blowing bubbles in the water in the pool.

Parents can demonstrate how to blow bubbles by taking a deep breath in, putting the lower half of their face under water, and blowing the air out of their mouth to create bubbles in the water. Toddlers should be encouraged to blow bubbles the way their parent did.

Teaching Toddlers to Go Underwater

One of the most important first concepts for toddlers to learn when learning how to swim is to get comfortable enough with the water that they can first put their face under water and once they are more comfortable they can put their entire head under water. Toddlers can be introduced to the idea of going under water by slowly counting to three, saying “hold your breath”, and then the parent scooping a small amount of pool water over the toddler’s face.

Parents should give plenty of positive reinforcement each time their toddler makes an effort to get his face wet. After the toddler has become comfortable with the idea of getting his face wet, the parent can again count slowly to three, say “hold your breath”, and gently dip their toddler under the water.

Toddlers may become upset after going underwater. It is important that parents praise the child and take a step back to a previous step if the toddler feels uncomfortable. Toddlers can practice going in and out of the water while holding onto the edge of the pool to give them a sense of security.

Teaching Toddlers to Float

A basic back float is an important skill for toddlers to learn early on because it will give them the ability to stay afloat in the water if they accidentally get into water that is too deep for them or if they fall in the pool. Parents can teach toddlers to float by laying them gently on their back in the pool with the toddler’s head on the parent’s shoulder. The parent should put one hand under the small of the toddler’s back and the other hand across the top of the toddler’s chest to make him feel secure.

As the toddler becomes more comfortable with that position, the parent can gradually move the hand from the toddler’s chest and use it to support the back of the child’s head. Teaching toddler’s to relax and stay in the correct position for a back float will help them to eventually learn how to float on their own.

Basic swimming skills help toddler’s feel more confident in their abilities and decrease their dependence on flotation devices in the pool. Most toddlers will be around some sort of water in their lives. Learning basic swimming skills will give toddler’s the ability to stay safe in the water and feel more secure near lakes and pools.

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Understanding Toddlers' Drawings (ZZ from www.toddlerstoday.com)

Rare is the toddler who will pass up a chance to scribble on any available canvas. Paper, walls, refrigerator doors – young Picassos and Rembrandts generally aren't picky. Parents often take delight in praising the artwork of these young masters, but is there more to the seemingly random scribbles of toddlers than meets the eye?

Boy Drawing "At around 18 months to two and a half years of age, children mostly 'feel' the world through body movements, and they can share these feelings with others, " says Dr. Robert Winter, chairman of the art department and coordinator of the art therapy program at Lenoir-Rhyne College in Hickory, North Carolina. A careful look at toddler's drawings can reveal much about their development, and can even provide us with clues to their well-being. According to Winter, parents can track the development of fine motor control by observing the progression of children's artwork "from loose random lines drawn with crayons to controlled lines drawn with pencils or markers."

Thus, even before their language ability permits them to converse freely, toddlers can use their artwork to convey important information to their parents and caregivers. But can a toddler's scribbles alert his parents to potentially dangerous situations? "Generally speaking, since children do not have a drawing schema in mind during the scribbling stage, it is extremely difficult to detect precise danger signals," says Winter. But children who don't express an interest in scribbling at this age may in itself be a sign of a delay in development.

When children begin to "name" their scribbles, usually between ages three and a half and four and a half, parents should take note. As they gain a broader understanding of the world around them, the elements in children's drawings will solidify and take on clearer forms.

The language used when talking to children about their artwork is crucial. Never put words in the child's mouth. Instead of interpreting their drawings – "Oh, look, this is a flower, right?" – parents should ask their children, "Can you tell me about your drawing?" Faced with such a question, Winter maintains, "the child will feel comfortable describing the drawing and, in fact, will feel a sense of accomplishment and pride." If parents put words into the child's mouth, "she will tend to please us by agreeing. Nonetheless, this is not the image generated in her mind," he says.

The size of the canvas a child chooses is often significant. Children at this age are naturally egotistical. A child who consistently draws only on a small area of the page or who uses minimal symbols in his drawings may be suffering some form of abuse. Although there is generally no significance to the number of fingers drawn on a hand, a large, fingerless circle in place of a hand is sometimes an indication of physical abuse.

"Children at this stage will use color for its emotional and contrasting appeal," says Winter. "When a crisis sets in the first thing to go is color." If a child who has previously used and enjoyed color in her artwork exhibits a sudden and extended rejection of color in favor of black or gray, she may be in a state of denial or apathy. "Often times, the 'colorless' shape or symbol in the midst of colorful shapes and symbols reveals, by simple contrast, the origin of the problem – a person, a family member, a fear or a phobia," Winter explains.

If a child scribbles over a drawing with black lines, she may be trying to erase her drawing or make it invisible. If the scribbles were done while a parent or other adult was speaking with the child, it can indicate that the conversation was somehow painful to the child. In such cases, the, the paper will frequently be torn from the pressure, or the pencil (or crayon or marker) will be broken as the child grips it tightly.

In deciphering children's drawings, parents need to remember that patterns are the key – and "patterns are manifested after extended periods of time – six months to a year at least," says Winter. So one drawing in black and white does not mean that a child is disturbed, but if he constantly rejects color in favor of black, gray, and white, it may indicate a problem worth investigating.

Warning Signs
Child Drawing Children first represent human forms with a round circle for the head and strokes for extremities. If parents notice that other details have been added to the drawing – eyes, noses, mouths, ears, for example – but the form is still without feet, this may indicate a sense of insecurity. But, Winter says, "scribblers do not conceive space as adults do. Therefore, spatial relationships are irrelevant. Our observation should concentrate on the graphic symbols only." So if the child draws a person with feet who seems to be standing on nothing, that's all right.

"The circle containing the face is usually very revealing," says Winter. It is here where children begin adding details and features – hair, eyes, mouth – and much can be learned from the details they draw. Winter notes several clear warning signs, but stresses again that the key is to look for patterns which manifest themselves over time, not isolated incidents.

* Exceptionally large ears, unadorned by earrings, can indicate verbal abuse. Sometimes the child will draw lines leading to the ears, to demonstrate the abusive tone she frequently encounters.


* An anxious, uncomfortable child may represent the mouth with a long slit. On the other hand, if the child does not draw a mouth at all, it may be a sign of his inability to communicate.


* When a child draws "empty" eyes, it may mean that she has difficulty relating to the reality around her. In a sense, the child is blind to reality.


* Jagged teeth frequently indicate a tendency toward aggressive behavior, especially when coupled with other serrated graphic symbols such as spiked fingers, feet, ears, and hair.

Toddlers are by nature expressive people. It's up to their parents to listen closely to the many messages children send, especially the unspoken ones.


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唐诗 - 登鹳雀楼（王之涣）

登鹳雀楼（王之涣）

白日依山尽，黄河入海流。

欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。

【诗文解释】

　　夕阳西沉，渐渐没入连绵的群山，黄河奔腾，汇入浩瀚的大海。虽然眼前一片壮阔，但要打开千里视野，看得更清更远，那还须再登上一层层高楼。
【词语解释】
尽：沉没，消失。
穷：尽，达到极点。
更：再。
【诗文赏析】
　　黄昏时分登上鹳鹊楼，万里河山，尽收眼底；夕阳也在遥远的天际渐渐沉落。首二句诗「缩万里于咫尺」，使咫尺有万里之势，苍茫壮阔，气势雄浑。末二句是境界的升华，出人意表、别有一番新意，既有高瞻远瞩之胸襟，又寓孜孜进取之深意，有情有理。有人说“诗忌说理”，应当说，诗歌不要生硬枯燥抽象地说理，而不是说诗歌不能宣扬哲理。在这首诗里，诗人把道理和景物、情事自然贴切地融合在一起，使人感觉不到它是在说理，而是理在其中。
　　全诗四句二联，对仗工整、气势连贯、厚重有力。为唐诗中之不朽之作。

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Short videos about Three Kindom (三国）- 01

Let's start a video:

且说张角一军，前犯幽州界分。幽州太守刘焉，乃江夏竟陵人氏，汉鲁恭王之后也。当时闻得贼兵将至，召校尉邹靖计议。靖曰：“贼兵众，我兵寡，明公宜作速招 军应敌。”刘焉然其说，随即出榜招募义兵。
榜文行到涿县，引出涿县中一个英雄。那人不甚好读书；性宽和，寡言语，喜怒不形于色；素有大志，专好结交 天下豪杰；生得身长七尺五寸，两耳垂肩，双手过膝，目能自顾其耳，面如冠玉，唇若涂脂；中山靖王刘胜之后，汉景帝阁下玄孙，姓刘名备，字玄德。昔刘胜之子 刘贞，汉武时封涿鹿亭侯，后坐酎金失侯，因此遗这一枝在涿县。玄德祖刘雄，父刘弘。弘曾举孝廉，亦尝作吏，早丧。玄德幼孤，事母至孝；家贫，贩屦织席为 业。家住本县楼桑村。其家之东南，有一大桑树，高五丈余，遥望之，童童如车盖。相者云：“此家必出贵人。”玄德幼时，与乡中小儿戏于树下，曰：“我为天 子，当乘此车盖。”叔父刘元起奇其言，曰：“此儿非常人也！”因见玄德家贫，常资给之。年十五岁，母使游学，尝师事郑玄、卢植，与公孙瓒等为友。

及刘焉发榜招军时，玄德年已二十八岁矣。当日见了榜文，慨然长叹。随后一人厉声言曰：“大丈夫不与国家出力，何故长叹？”玄德回视其人，身长八尺，豹头环 眼，燕颔虎须，声若巨雷，势如奔马。玄德见他形貌异常，问其姓名。其人曰：“某姓张名飞，字翼德。世居涿郡，颇有庄田，卖酒屠猪，专好结交天下豪杰。恰才 见公看榜而叹，故此相问。”玄德曰：“我本汉室宗亲，姓刘，名备。今闻黄巾倡乱，有志欲破贼安民，恨力不能，故长叹耳。”飞曰：“吾颇有资财，当招募乡 勇，与公同举大事，如何。”玄德甚喜，遂与同入村店中饮酒。

正饮间，见一大汉，推着一辆车子，到店门首歇了，入店坐下，便唤酒保：“快斟酒来吃，我 待赶入城去投军。”玄德看其人：身长九尺，髯长二尺；面如重枣，唇若涂脂；丹凤眼，卧蚕眉，相貌堂堂，威风凛凛。玄德就邀他同坐，叩其姓名。其人曰：“吾 姓关名羽，字长生，后改云长，河东解良人也。因本处势豪倚势凌人，被吾杀了，逃难江湖，五六年矣。今闻此处招军破贼，特来应募。”玄德遂以己志告之，云长 大喜。同到张飞庄上，共议大事。飞曰：“吾庄后有一桃园，花开正盛；明日当于园中祭告天地，我三人结为兄弟，协力同心，然后可图大事。”玄德、云长齐声应 曰：“如此甚好。”

次日，于桃园中，备下乌牛白马祭礼等项，三人焚香再拜而说誓曰：“念刘备、关羽、张飞，虽然异姓，既结为兄弟，则同心协力，救困扶 危；上报国家，下安黎庶。不求同年同月同日生，只愿同年同月同日死。皇天后土，实鉴此心，背义忘恩，天人共戮！”誓毕，拜玄德为兄，关羽次之，张飞为弟。 祭罢天地，复宰牛设酒，聚乡中勇士，得三百余人，就桃园中痛饮一醉。

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